Arabic Sustainability Dictionary

Scenario analysis

A process for assessing how a strategy might perform under a range of plausible future conditions, such as different climate warming pathways.

Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi)

An organisation that sets criteria for science-based emission-reduction targets and validates companies' targets against them, including a minimum annual reduction rate consistent with limiting warming to 1.5°C.

Scope 1 emissions

Direct greenhouse gas emissions from sources owned or controlled by the company, such as fuel combustion, industrial processes and refrigerant leaks.

Scope 2 emissions

Indirect greenhouse gas emissions from the generation of electricity, steam, heat and cooling that the company purchases and consumes.

Scope 3 emissions

All other indirect greenhouse gas emissions in the company's upstream and downstream value chain, grouped by the GHG Protocol into 15 categories.

Sixth Assessment Report (AR6)

The sixth assessment report of the IPCC (2021–2023), which updated the 100-year global warming potentials, for example 29.8 for fossil methane.

Spend-based emission factor

An emission factor expressed per unit of money spent on a product or service category, used to make a first estimate of Scope 3 emissions when physical data are not available.

Supplier-specific emission factor

An emission factor derived from data provided by a particular supplier for its product or service, which generally takes priority over generic or average factors.