Arabic Sustainability Dictionary

Target year

The year by which a target is to be achieved.

Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD)

A task force created by the Financial Stability Board whose 2017 recommendations structure climate disclosure around governance, strategy, risk management, and metrics and targets; its monitoring role passed to the ISSB in 2024.

Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD)

A global initiative that published recommendations in 2023 for organisations to assess and disclose nature-related dependencies, impacts, risks and opportunities.

Tax transparency

Public disclosure of a company's tax strategy, governance and payments by country.

Taxonomy-aligned activity

An eligible activity that makes a substantial contribution to an environmental objective, does no significant harm to the others and meets minimum safeguards.

Taxonomy-eligible activity

An economic activity that is described in the EU Taxonomy, regardless of whether it meets the technical screening criteria.

Technical screening criteria

The detailed thresholds and conditions set in the EU Taxonomy delegated acts that determine substantial contribution and do-no-significant-harm for each activity.

Three lines model

A governance model, published by the Institute of Internal Auditors, that distinguishes management, risk and compliance functions, and independent internal audit.

Training hours per employee

The total hours of training provided to employees in a period divided by the number of employees.

Transition finance

Financing that supports high-emitting companies and sectors in credibly reducing their emissions towards net zero.

Transition risk

Risks arising from the shift to a low-carbon economy, including policy, legal, technology, market and reputation changes.

Transitional period

The CBAM reporting-only phase from October 2023 to the end of 2025, during which importers reported embedded emissions without paying for them.

Treated sewage effluent (TSE)

Municipal wastewater treated to a standard that allows it to be reused, for example for irrigation, landscaping or industrial cooling.

Triple bottom line (TBL)

A framework that measures business performance across three dimensions: social, environmental and financial (people, planet, profit).